Microsoft — full event log

Target: 90% of servers and components for all cloud hardware reused/recycled by 2025 via Circular Centers. FY23 achieved 89.4%.

sustainability_report p.36

Target to eliminate single-use plastics in all Microsoft primary product packaging by 2025. FY23 progress: reduced to 2.7% from 5.7% baseline.

sustainability_report p.36

Datacenter strategy on track to achieve a 40% water intensity reduction target by 2030.

sustainability_report p.155

Microsoft adopted a process-based methodology using Building Transparency's EC3 tool for measuring embodied carbon of construction materials, replacing spend-based methods.

sustainability_report p.17

For devices reporting, Microsoft shifted from a spend-based approach to using product-specific carbon footprints and detailed supplier LCA data instead of generic models.

sustainability_report p.63

Microsoft builds datacenters to meet LEED Gold certification, with 37 datacenters already meeting this goal globally.

sustainability_report p.15

Microsoft committed to improve water use efficiency by 40% across global owned datacenter operations by 2030, from a 2022 baseline.

sustainability_report p.25

As of FY23, 15,849 acres permanently protected vs 11,000 acre target — exceeded by more than 40%. Commitment to protect more land than used by 2025.

sustainability_report p.7

Microsoft met its 2030 water access target by providing more than 1.5 million people with clean water and sanitation in Brazil, Chile, India, Indonesia, and Mexico.

sustainability_report p.23

Internal IT hardware circularity through reuse of decommissioned hardware across network, labs, and spares saved an estimated 4,000 tCO2e in FY23 in Scope 3 Cat 5 (waste in operations). Reimagining circularity of cloud hardware is a core prong of the Scope 3 reduction strategy.

sustainability_report p.108

New requirement for select scale, high-volume suppliers to use 100% carbon-free electricity for Microsoft delivered goods and services by 2030.

sustainability_report p.5

Scope 3 emissions increased by 30.9% from 2020 baseline due to construction of more datacenters, embodied carbon in building materials, and hardware components (semiconductors, servers, racks). Total Scope 1-3 up 29.1% from 2020 baseline. Scope 1+2 down 6.3%.

sustainability_report p.5

Datacenters account for the largest share of Microsoft Scope 2 emissions (7,779,660 tCO2e location-based; 384,489 tCO2e market-based in FY23). Strategy is 24/7 carbon-free electricity via PPAs covering 100% of carbon-emitting datacenter, building, and campus electricity by 2025, plus energy efficiency in datacenter design.

sustainability_report p.35

Microsoft Global Workplace Services is right-sizing and electrifying campus operations fleet by 2030. Company car policies have reduced average emissions from 142.26 g/km in FY13 Q1 to 81.65 g/km in FY23. Combined initiatives saved 4,320 tCO2e of Scope 1 emissions in FY23.

sustainability_report p.101

In FY23, Microsoft purchased SAF certificates through contracts with United Airlines, Alaska Airlines, and IAG, saving an estimated 38,000 tCO2e across Scope 3 Cat 4 (upstream transport) and Cat 6 (business travel). SAFc emissions reductions are applied against air travel emissions inclusive of well-to-tank and tank-to-wake.

sustainability_report p.107

Scope 3 Cat 11 emissions are 2,158,000 tCO2e in FY23, calculated using telemetry data from Xbox consoles and Surface devices for direct use-phase energy. Strategy includes boosting device efficiency to reduce in-use emissions.

sustainability_report p.24

Supplier emissions reductions through Supplier Code of Conduct commitments saved an estimated 638,000 tCO2e in Scope 3 Category 2 (Capital goods) in FY23. 70% of capital goods emissions are now calculated using supplier-specific data. Strategy focuses on improving measurement, increasing efficiency, forging partnerships, building markets, and policy advocacy.

sustainability_report p.105

Base year (FY20) and past years' Scope 3 emissions recalculated due to methodology changes and structural changes.

sustainability_report p.9

Microsoft is one of the largest corporate renewable energy purchasers, with a contracted portfolio of 19.8 GW of renewable energy assets across 21 countries as of 2023. Total renewable electricity use in FY23 was 23.6 million MWh. The 100/100/0 target commits to 100% of electricity matched by zero-carbon energy purchases 100% of the time by 2030. New PPAs in FY23 include AES Brasil (154 MW Cajuina Wind), Constellation Energy (Virginia), Powerex (Washington — first commercial customer of 24×7 Clean Load Service), Contact Energy (New Zealand), Lightsource bp (Poland), and Statkraft (366 MW in Ireland). Microsoft also signed a fusion power agreement with Helion targeting 50+ MW by 2028.

sustainability_report p.20

In FY23 Microsoft contracted 5,015,019 metric tons of carbon removal to be retired over the next 15 years, with 875,000 tonnes counted toward the 2030 goal of >5M tonnes/year. Portfolio is balanced across low (nature-based), medium, and high durability solutions. FY23 deals include Mombak reforestation in Brazilian Amazon, Ørsted BECCS in Europe, Heirloom direct air capture, and enhanced rock weathering with UNDO and Lithos. 605,354 tonnes were retired in FY23 to achieve carbon neutrality. Contracts require credits that are additional, durable, measurable, and net negative.

sustainability_report p.19

Microsoft datacenters delivered a design PUE rating of 1.12 in FY23. Deployed low-power server states across ~1 million servers (up from a few thousand in 2022), reducing energy usage up to 25% on unallocated servers. Resource utilization improvements yielded a 7% reduction in datacenter power infrastructure and 1.5% reduction in hardware needs for Azure platform.

sustainability_report p.14

76.5% of total emissions originate from suppliers. Microsoft requires select high-volume suppliers to use 100% carbon-free electricity by 2030. Launched Supplier REach portal with 3Degrees to help suppliers procure renewable energy. In FY23, 59 suppliers transitioned to renewable energy (six to 100%), avoiding ~105,000 mtCO2e. 99.4% of suppliers responded to CDP climate questionnaire in 2023.

sustainability_report p.15

Piloted limestone alternative to concrete from algae cultivation, achieving 65% embodied carbon reduction vs conventional concrete. Investment in H2 Green Steel (95% emissions reduction vs traditional). Working with suppliers on greener concrete, steel for datacenter construction — major driver of Scope 3 Category 2 capital goods emissions (38.24% of Scope 3).

sustainability_report p.15

10-year contract with World Energy for SAF certificates aiming to replace 43.7 million gallons of fossil jet fuel; joint funded large-scale SAF purchase with International Airlines Group. Joined Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance (SABA). Cloud Logistics avoided 90,000 mtCO2e through optimization, shifting to carbon-efficient transport modes. Launched initiative to build first electric interstate trucking corridor in the US.

sustainability_report p.16

Constructing Electric Vehicle Fleet Facility at Redmond HQ targeting LEED Platinum. Underground garage at Redmond will include 130 EV charging stations with 176 more planned. Combustion no longer permitted for daily use in any new office construction; new campus projects require high-efficiency refrigeration, all-electric kitchens, and non-fossil-fuel backup power.

sustainability_report p.15

Use of Sold Products is 14.05% of Scope 3. Xbox is first carbon-aware gaming console — schedules game/app/OS updates when renewable energy is highest on local grid. Shutdown energy saving mode offers up to 20× reduction in power consumption vs Sleep mode. Windows 11 Energy Recommendations adopted by ~11 million customers in first 4 months. Partnership with Epic estimates 200 MWh/day savings across Fortnite player base = 73 GWh/year.

sustainability_report p.62

FY23 data incorporates the impact from the Nuance acquisition, which was completed in March 2022. Microsoft policy is to begin including data the year following a merger/acquisition.

sustainability_report p.8

As of FY23, Scope 3 Category 1 now incorporates LCA coefficients for Microsoft devices manufacturing. Scope 3 Category 4 now uses the GLEC Framework for Devices and Cloud business groups. SAFc applied to Scope 3 Cat 4 and Cat 6 air travel emissions.

sustainability_report p.8

Carbon neutrality (Scope 1, 2 market-based, and Scope 3 business air travel) achieved in FY22 and maintained through FY23 via carbon offsets and removals.

sustainability_report p.84

Microsoft aligns water access work with UN SDG 6 (water and sanitation for all).

sustainability_report p.144

Microsoft achieved 100% renewable electricity in FY23 (RE100 target met) through a combination of direct renewable electricity via long-term PPAs and virtual PPAs, retail green tariffs, and unbundled EAC purchases (US-RECs, GOs, REGOs, I-RECs, LGCs, J-Credits, NFCs, TIGR, GEC, NZECS). In 2023, Microsoft increased its contracted portfolio of renewable electricity assets to over 19.8 GW across 21 countries, on the path to having carbon-free PPAs cover 100% of carbon-emitting electricity by 2025. Total renewable electricity consumption was 22,672,867 MWh in FY23.

sustainability_report p.98

Microsoft contracted 5,015,019 metric tons of carbon removal in FY23 to address residual Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions and pursue its carbon negative 2030 goal. The portfolio is balanced across low-, medium-, and high-durability solutions including forestry, IFM, afforestation/reforestation, mangrove restoration, soil carbon sequestration, BECCS, and DAC. Microsoft published criteria for high-quality CDR. The $1B Climate Innovation Fund has allocated $761M toward climate technologies. Microsoft distinguishes removal credits from offsets in disclosures.

sustainability_report p.99

Microsoft set a goal to be water positive by 2030, replenishing more water than consumed across global operations, focusing on 41 water-stressed watersheds, plus 1.5M people WASH access target.

sustainability_report p.157

Created a $1 billion Climate Innovation Fund in 2020 to advance climate innovation. $761 million allocated through calendar year 2023 across 55+ investments.

sustainability_report p.6

Microsoft committed in January 2020 to be carbon negative by 2030 and by 2050 to remove all carbon emitted directly or via electricity since founding in 1975. Includes 50% Scope 1+2+3 reduction by 2030 (Abs3).

sustainability_report p.97

In 2020 Microsoft committed to be carbon negative, water positive, zero waste, and protect more land than it uses by 2030, with a 2050 commitment to remove all historical emissions since 1975.

sustainability_report p.4

Microsoft set a goal to eliminate single-use plastics in all Microsoft primary product packaging and all IT asset packaging in datacenters by 2025. Currently at 2.7% single-use plastic in FY23.

sustainability_report p.161

SBTi certified Microsoft's target to reduce Scope 3 GHG intensity per unit revenue 30% by 2030 from 2017 baseline, and to source 100% renewable electricity through 2030.

sustainability_report p.92