Alphabet

Carbon per million dollars of revenue. The legacy industry-standard reference (CDP, MSCI). Useful for cross-sector context, but distorted by margin — high-margin firms appear artificially efficient. Read alongside the operational and asset intensities for the full picture.

OpEx (operating expenditure) is the running cost of the business — staff, services, energy, materials. This shows how carbon-intensive operations are per million dollars of spend. Removes the margin distortion that revenue-based ratios introduce.

EVIC (Enterprise Value Including Cash) is the firm's total capital footprint — equity + debt + cash + minority interest. The EU's standard intensity measure (SFDR PAI 3) — answers: how much carbon does each million of capital deployed in this business produce?

PP&E (Property, Plant & Equipment) plus leased real-estate assets is the firm's physical infrastructure on the balance sheet. This shows the carbon intensity of that physical footprint — uses Scope 1+2+3 for consistency with the other headline intensities. Surfaces stranded-asset risk for asset-heavy firms.

• · berkeley_voluntary_registry
• · CarbonPlan OffsetsDB

Alphabet has switched its offices to green electricity and is improving energy efficiency to reduce Scope 2 (market-based Scope 2 fell from 714 to 591 tCO2e from 2023 to 2024). For customers, Alphabet advises on charging infrastructure investments, installs on-site charging stations, offers charging cards and smart-charging technologies, and provides green energy contracts to ensure that BEV charging draws on renewable sources.

Alphabet does not disclose use of carbon removals, offsets, or insetting in this report. Focus is on direct emission reduction through fleet electrification, green electricity sourcing in offices, and supporting customer decarbonisation. No mention of DAC, BECCS, biochar, or nature-based credits.

• Internal fleet electrification

  Alphabet continued to electrify its internal and demo fleets in 2024 by increasing the share of BEVs and plug-in hybrid (xEVs).

• Office energy efficiency and low-emission business travel

  Internal measures introduced in 2024 include switching to green electricity, improving office energy efficiency, and promoting low-emission business travel to reduce Scope 1, Scope 2 and Scope 3 business travel emissions.

• Customer fleet electrification (downstream leased assets)

  Vast majority of Alphabet's emissions are Scope 3 from the use phase of leased vehicles (downstream leased assets). In 2024 BEV sales rose 53% vs 2023, xEV share rose 45%, and BEVs accounted for 25% of new contracts (up from 20% in 2023), with a 2030 target of 50%. Alphabet provides Fleet Emission Consulting and tailored EV strategy consulting across all markets.

• Alphabet Carbon Manager for customer emissions transparency

  The Alphabet Carbon Manager, developed with Plan A using GHG Protocol methodology and certified by TÜV Rheinland, was rolled out across all European markets in 2024 with training programmes. It provides automated real-time CO2e tracking, scenario planning and CSRD-compliant reporting, enabling fleet customers to monitor and act on Scope 3 emissions from their leased vehicles.

• Sustainable supplier sourcing

  In 2024, Alphabet established sustainability criteria as standard in all international tenders for vehicle-related service suppliers. The questionnaire screens EcoVadis scores, ISO certifications, CO2e reduction targets, green electricity use and recycling. Target: 100% of international vehicle-related suppliers assessed by 2024 (achieved); 100% of all (including national) by 2026.