Publicis Groupe

Carbon per million dollars of revenue. The legacy industry-standard reference (CDP, MSCI). Useful for cross-sector context, but distorted by margin — high-margin firms appear artificially efficient. Read alongside the operational and asset intensities for the full picture.

OpEx (operating expenditure) is the running cost of the business — staff, services, energy, materials. This shows how carbon-intensive operations are per million dollars of spend. Removes the margin distortion that revenue-based ratios introduce.

EVIC (Enterprise Value Including Cash) is the firm's total capital footprint — equity + debt + cash + minority interest. The EU's standard intensity measure (SFDR PAI 3) — answers: how much carbon does each million of capital deployed in this business produce?

PP&E (Property, Plant & Equipment) plus leased real-estate assets is the firm's physical infrastructure on the balance sheet. This shows the carbon intensity of that physical footprint — uses Scope 1+2+3 for consistency with the other headline intensities. Surfaces stranded-asset risk for asset-heavy firms.

Carbon per FTE (full-time-equivalent employee) — the diagnostic measure for people-leveraged businesses where headcount, not capital, drives delivery. Captures the office, energy and travel footprint per person.

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Publicis Groupe explicitly includes 'the percentage change in the integration of renewable energies in the Group' as a CSR performance condition in its LTIP 2024 plans for managers and Management Board members. This metric is assessed at the end of 2024 and 2026 respectively against set targets, making renewable energy adoption a formal driver of executive compensation. The specific renewable energy mix or consumption data is not disclosed in this financial statements document.

Publicis has joined the Climate Fund for Nature (Mirova/Natixis), committing euro 20 million total (euro 4 million paid in 2024, euro 16 million remaining). Starting in 2028 and for approximately fifteen years, the Group will receive voluntary carbon credits to offset residual, unavoidable carbon emissions. The fund supports projects dedicated to the protection and restoration of nature, with associated benefits for biodiversity and communities.

• Office space optimisation and real estate footprint reduction

  Publicis is running an ongoing programme to optimise premises, consolidating agencies onto fewer sites in main countries. In 2024, euro 71 million of impairment losses were recognised on right-of-use assets for empty leased spaces (euro 54M net of tax), down from euro 147M in 2023. This real estate rationalisation directly reduces the Group's scope 1/2 energy-related footprint tied to office occupancy.

• Business travel reduction via virtual studios

  Decision to invest in virtual studios in recent years has enabled Publicis to radically reduce the number of shoots and associated travel. The NIBI (No Impact for Big Impact) approach is applied upstream of projects, with examples like the SNCF campaign where filming was minimal and largely reused existing images.

• Eco/socio-design via NIBI program

  The NIBI (No Impact for Big Impact) program, launched in France in 2021, works with customers from the outset of projects to identify options for reducing environmental, energy, and carbon impacts. Based on eight eco/socio-design modules with training workshops. In 2025 Publicis is introducing mandatory training on sustainability and responsible marketing for all employees.

• A.L.I.C.E proprietary carbon calculator

  Launched in 2017, the A.L.I.C.E carbon calculator evaluates different campaign options according to their impact. Backed by the GHG Protocol with methodology overseen by Bureau Veritas as independent third-party expert. Complemented by eFootprint, an open-source tool from Publicis Sapient for measuring website and application impact.

• Responsible AI use and energy awareness

  AI training for all employees systematically includes an environmental component on the ecological impact of these tools. In January 2025, rolled out a compulsory 'Responsible use of AI' course. Energy consumption is rising due to GenAI use, partly mitigated by the 100% renewable energy target by 2030.

• Office footprint optimisation and premises consolidation

  Publicis is actively consolidating agencies onto fewer sites in its main countries, vacating leased space to improve utilisation. This resulted in euro 147 million in impairment losses on right-of-use assets in 2023 (euro 110m net of tax). The programme reduces the Group's occupied real estate footprint, which is the primary driver of Scope 1 and 2 energy-related emissions for an asset-light marketing group.

• Supply chain capability build via Spinnaker SCA acquisition

  The March 2024 acquisition of Spinnaker SCA, a leading supply chain strategy, planning and execution consulting firm, expands Publicis's capability to advise clients on supply chain optimisation. While not framed explicitly as a climate lever, supply chain decarbonisation is a key category-1 scope 3 reduction pathway for Publicis's clients and the firm's consulting services are increasingly relevant to their decarbonisation journeys.

• Cloud/IT supplier decarbonisation engagement

  Long-standing dialogue with digital and IT suppliers (notably Cloud providers) on reducing energy consumption, limiting water for cooling, improving data center energy performance. Procurement specifications include criteria for reducing energy consumption and environmental impact, reviewed annually and in specific CSR reviews.

• Client climate alignment tracking

  For the past three years, Publicis has tracked climate commitments of its 100 largest clients. By end of 2024, 98% had committed to an SBTi approach (1.5°C or below 2°C) and 71% had validated targets. Publicis supports clients in their ecological transition through innovation.

• Climate Fund for Nature – voluntary carbon credit commitment

  Publicis Groupe has committed euro 20 million to the Climate Fund for Nature (Mirova/Natixis), supporting projects dedicated to protection and restoration of nature with associated biodiversity and community benefits. This delivers voluntary carbon credits over a fifteen-year period, representing the Group's most explicit commitment to nature-based solutions in this filing.